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- Interpretations of Heart of Darkness
- In Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, there is a great interpretation of
- the feelings of the characters and uncertainties of the Congo. Although Africa,
- nor the Congo are ever really referred to, the Thames river is mentioned as
- support. This intricate story reveals much symbolism due to Conrad's theme
- based on the lies and good and evil, which interact together in every man.
- Today, of course, the situation has changed. Most literate people know
- that by probing into the heart of the jungle Conrad was trying to convey an
- impression about the heart of man, and his tale is universally read as one of the
- first symbolic masterpieces of English prose (Graver,28). In any event, this
- story recognizes primarily on Marlow, its narrator, not about Kurtz or the
- brutality of Belgian officials. Conrad wrote a brief statement of how he felt the
- reader should interpret this work:
- "My task which I am trying to achieve is, by the power of the written
- word, to make you hear, to
- make you feel-it is above all, to make you see.(Conrad 1897)
- Knowing that Conrad was a novelist who lived in his work, writing about the
- experiences were as if he were writing about himself. "Every novel contains an
- element of autobiography-and this can hardly be denied, since the creator can
- only explain himself in his creations."(Kimbrough,158) The story is written as
- seen through Marlow's eyes. Marlow is a follower of the sea. His voyage up
- the Congo is his first experience in freshwater navigation. He is used as a tool,
- so to speak, in order for Conrad to enter the story and tell it out of his own
- philosophical mind. He longs to see Kurtz, in the hope's of appreciating all that
- Kurtz finds endearing in the African jungle. Marlow does not get the
- opportunity to see Kurtz until he is so disease-stricken he looks more like death
- than a person. There are no good looks or health. In the story Marlow remarks
- that Kurtz resembles "an animated image of death carved out of old ivory."
- Like Marlow, Kurtz is seen as an honorable man to many admirers; but he is
- also a thief, murderer, raider, persecutor, and above all he allows himself to be
- worshipped as a god. Both men had good intentions to seek, yet Kurtz seemed
- a "universally genius" lacking basic integrity or a sense of responsibility
- (Roberts,43). In the end they form one symbolic unity. Marlow and Kurtz are
- the light and dark selves of a single person. Meaning each one is what the other
- might have been.
- Every person Marlow meets on his venture contributes something to the
- plot as well as the overall symbolism of the story. Kurtz is the violent devil
- Marlow describes at the story's beginning. It was his ability to control men
- through fear and adoration that led Marlow to signify this. Throughout the
- story Conrad builds an unhealthy darkness that never allows the reader to forget
- the focus of the story. At every turn he sees evil lurking within the land. Every
- image reflects a dreary, blank one. The deadly Congo snakes to link itself with
- the sea and all other rivers of darkness and light, with the tributaries and source
- of man's being on earth (Dean,189). The setting of these adventurous and
- moral quests is the great jungle, in which most of the story takes place. As a
- symbol the forest encloses all, and in the heart of the African journey Marlow
- enters the dark cavern of his won heart. It even becomes an image of a vast
- catacomb of evil, in which Kurtz dies, but from which Marlow emerges
- spiritually reborn. The manager, in charge of three stations in the jungle, feels
- Kurtz poses a threat to his own position. Marlow sees how the manager is
- deliberately trying to delay any help or supplies to Kurtz. He hopes he will die
- of neglect. This is where the inciting moment of the story lies. Should the
- company in Belgium find out the truth a bout Kurtz's success in an ivory
- procurer, they would undoubtedly elevate him to the position of manager. The
- manager's insidious and pretending nature opposes all truth (Roberts,42).
- This story can be the result of two completely different aspects in
- Conrad's life. One being his journey in the Congo. Conrad had a childhood
- wish associated with a disapproved childhood ambition to go to sea. Another
- would be an act of man to throw his life away. Thus, the adventurous Conrad
- and Conrad the moralist may have experienced collision. But the collision,
- again as with many novelists of the second war, could well have been deferred
- and retrospective, not felt intensely at the time (Kimbrough,124).
- Heart of Darkness is a record of things seen and done, Then it was ivory
- that poured from the heart of darkness; now it is uranium. There were so many
- actual events and facts in the story it made it more an enormity than
- entertaining. His confrontations as a man are both dangerous and enlightening.
- Perhaps man's inhumanity to man is his greatest sin. And since the story closes
- with a lie, maybe Conrad was discovering and analyzing the two aspects of
- truth-black truth and white truth. Both, of which, are inherent in every human
- soul.
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